When I selected my first pediatrician for my first born, I used a female pediatrician in sole practice. The city had an after hours pediatric clinic (associated with the medical school) that was for weekday evenings, Saturday evenings and all day Sunday.
My ped hired another female ped to cover all day Wednesday so she could have that day off (only sick visits, well check visits weren't scheduled on Wednesdays) and once a month on Saturday mornings my ped had office hours (those hours were for 4 practices' patients and only if it couldn't wait until Monday).
Both women were extremely happy with the arrangement. The practice owner didn't have to work her one Saturday a month and didn't have to work Wednesdays. The part timer worked 5 or 6 days a month while her children were very small. I think the plans were when her children were older for her to become a partner in the practice and they would hire another part timer when the practice grew big enough to handle it.
I don't see that as under productivity. The practice was well run, successful, and met the needs of both the women and the patients.
