My ds5 is math crazy, so we've been doing math workbooks forever (he is odd - loves workbooks) . I'm pretty sure the 1st grade level books all had simple algebra in them. I just assumed that was common. He conceptualized algebra on his own at 4 but still hasn't totally wrapped his mind around time. I know it's the 60 minute=1 hour that throws him off. My ds also hasn't memorized any facts but quickly calculates. Yesterday it was "4+4+4 is almost like 5+5+5-3 so that means 4×3 is 12". Though I was impressed, I reminded him that just knowing 4×3=12 would be quicker.