... I still haven't settled into a career, although I've earned a couple of degrees... but don't have any specific skill set that is incredibly in demand and can make the kind of living that people expect from you once you're out in the world.
and
... Basically, what I'm struggling with is this...
Based on the contents of your post, it seems you may be struggling with the concept that as an adult, life is about
internal locus of control. You own your life. There is an old saying, "Bloom where you are planted."
"...forced people to give me better opportunities." YIKES! While this may just be the result of hurried writing, it seems to convey an air of superiority, lacking an interest in mutual benefit. Many people work hard to
earn a tryout for an opportunity. When competing, many people with great talent and potential may not be chosen... yet... on that day... in that moment. If at first you don't succeed, try try again.
"... had the requisite amount of talent to be a prodigy, but were never given the chance, and discovered later on in college that you actually have something?" College is NOT late; many people did not have opportunities until they were in college. You may not be a "prodigy" but that does not mean that you cannot use your talents at your present age. Unless you prefer an identity of victimhood and resentment. The choice is yours.
My advice for PG adults may be in three parts:
1) Stop thinking along the lines of:
1a)
comparing yourself with others ("I still present very differently than most of my peers." "I seem to retain far more from conversations I've had with people and things I've seen and read and synthesize it all differently than anyone I know")
1b)
defining yourself ("unusually curious, quite unfocused..." etc)
1c)
overreliance on guidance as to what society expects ("what one can or can not do at a certain age..." "make the kind of living that people expect from you once you're out in the world")
1d)
thinking about thinking about thinking 2) Start to emphasize DOing ("...I have no idea what is possible or not possible for me specifically...") It is up to YOU to find out. Apply yourself. Set goals. Accomplish them. Maybe start today: List your degrees. For each degree, list SEVERAL jobs you COULD do. Research the salary range(s) of each. Write down your findings, including sources used. Ferret out growth opportunities for each job. Which of the jobs provide a wage which YOU can support yourself on? Which of the jobs might provide more than a self-supporting wage, and might allow you to afford a bit of lifestyle YOU would enjoy? And/or to position yourself for greater opportunities?
3) Consider whether you typically add positive or negative to each interaction.
Possibly of interest: Carol Dweck, "Mindset"... especially use of the word "...yet."
Possibly of interest: the concept of presenting yourself as a positive asset in an "elevator pitch" (typically winnowed down to 11 seconds). Related to this (but a longer exercise) is the concept of "rewrite your story for positivity and happiness."
Possibly of interest, related to "I have had a religious childhood where I was forced to believe so many stupid things...": the factual and evidence-based investigative work of cold-case detective J. Warner Wallace.