My DD is in K, and they did reading assessments three times: August, January, and May. I could see clear progression in that area, she was L in Aug, N in January, and T in May (DRA levels).
I have also noticed an increase in her vocabulary, which is one thing her teacher differentiated for her this year. While other kids were learning to read, DD was learning to identify words in the course of reading that she didn't understand the meaning (she could "read" it, but not know the definition. DD has a habit to skim past words rather than try to find out what they mean).
In math, we also do word problems at home. DD loves them. We use Singapore Math, EPGY, and various other word problem worksheets to supplement at home, where I can directly see her progress.
I am hoping once she is out of K, she will have more differentiation for math as well. I didn't push very hard this year, since DD does have a visual-spatial weakness and they worked with her on that, but I am expecting them to meet her on her actual level next year in terms of concrete math skills.