One more thought -I have a friend whose child has some significant cognitive disabilities, focused most intently in the area of arithmetic. She's made significant progress by mapping numbers to colors, assigning each number a color (1 red, 2 blue, 3 yellow, etc), such that 1+2=3 would then be written in each color, so that the child is learning to associate red + blue is yellow, which she can then map back to 3. Make sense?

The disabilities there are different, so I've no idea if it would work for your dd.