He is two years old or is he your second DS?
If he is two, a lot of this behaviour could be simply because he IS two!! I think it is pretty common for toddlers to thrive on routine and be easily thrown off by changes to their schedules.
My DS2 is also very sensitive (and we are bad parents because he is nicknamed "Princess", LOL!) and when he has a tantrum or gets upset, we end up having to console him. For example, the other night he refused to eat dinner and was behaving rudely at the table. His father removed him from the table and calmly told him he could return when he could behave. The resulting tantrum/crying session lasted well past dinner and required me physically holding/hugging him to talk him down. It did not even matter that it was his own behaviour that started it... we hurt his feelings, bottom line, and he was devastated that his father wanted him to leave the table. At the end of the day, he is just two years old. Smart as he is, he lacks rationality whenever things do not go his way!