In our home, freedom is directly tied to responsibility. We live in a city, so our kids were not allowed to ride bikes out of our sight or walk to friends' houses without an adult or older sibling along at ten. It's a far cry from when I was ten, when I had my own paper route and babysat on weekends (I often think back and wonder what insane person thought I was capable of tending to a toddler and newborn at 10!).
So freedom comes in different forms - more autonomy on how to spend mad money earned from chores, more say over what to wear to school and what clothes to purchase from the store from a set budget, more control over how to spend free time once chores and homework are completed, and more power in the decision making processes about what instrument to learn, what sport to play, etc. - that kind of thing.
I have a college student and a senior in high school along with my ten-year-old, and they still don't have the "freedom" they'd have on their own. They are required to let me know where they are at all times, who they are with, what time they will be home, and the right to use our extra vehicle is directly tied to how consistent they are in checking in and being up front. I make sure they understand it is not because I need to know everything about them but because I need to know the last place they were and who else to contact if they don't come home. Sometimes my college student lets me know she's with friends I don't really like or hanging out at a place I'd prefer her not visit, but that is where the freedom comes in - she has the choice to be with those people and at that place as long as she is transparent with me and not getting into trouble.
Your ten-year-old has years upon years ahead of him to gain new freedoms. For now I'd focus on those that still keep him safe while allowing him more autonomy over his choices.
