From what I understand, each state and district have their own standard and proceedure to identify gifted students. The type of instruction you are wanting your son to recieve also changes when he enters middle school. It is possible to be in the gifted curriculum for language arts/humanities and not take advance math courses.

http://www.cde.state.co.us/gt/download/pdf/TwiceExceptionalResourceHandbook.pdf

If you look at page 20 on the above link, I think it may give you an idea of how Colorado identifies students who's scores vary on the WISC.

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Then does a one time score on the standardized Scantron of 98%ile represent a "fluke" or does it represent a lack of rigor?

I've heard this to mean "that is what level a child performs at, on that day, like a snapshot and not the whole entire picture"