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Posted By: rstlk Test Scores/Possible LD - Please Help! - 12/06/17 12:27 AM
Sorry for length of this post, I actually tried to keep it short. I'm looking for any insight/resources/help/encouragement for our situation.

DS is currently in 4th grade. The following test scores are from last year/3rd grade. We had requested a Student Study Team meeting in 3rd due to DS's struggle's with homework (particularly writing tasks) and executive functioning issues. We were referred to our local university that provides testing and their report based on DS's testing concluded that his test scores were �consistent with a specific learning disability and ... ADHD cannot be ruled out at this time.� At our second SST meeting, the school psychologist said she never sees scores that high and because there was no way he would qualify for services she didn�t see any reason to test him further. His grades generally meet standard though his 2nd and 3rd grade teachers gave him a progress report each term saying he was below standard in English Language Arts. I just saw his first term report card for 4th grade and he got grades of 1�s & 2�s in ELA (1 is the lowest score �minimal progress to standards�). The 1�s were in Narrative Writing and Conventions of Standards english with a note saying �Hard to read and understand. Doesn�t use punctuation/caps.�

DS attends speech therapy once a week for some articulation issues. I originally had him evaluated for speech when he was in preschool because he was difficult to understand. So he has an IEP already, but it currently only addresses his speech issue.

I have lurked on this board for quite some time and finally felt frustrated enough to share and ask for any insight/help. I have suspected since Kindergarten that he may have mild dyslexia and/or dysgraphia. His writing currently definitely shows signs of dysgraphia, such as the lack of punctuation & capitalization and large print that doesn�t stay on the line or line up with the margin and many spelling errors and still some letter/number reversals (though they are fewer than when he was younger). He also has signs of inattentive ADHD. In the past he has complained of handwriting being painful and was supposed to be given an OT assessment last year, but it never happened and I'm trying to get that done this year.

WISC-V
VCI - 127
Similarities - 17
Vocabulary - 13
VSI -122
Block Design - 13
Visual Puzzles - 15
FRI - 140
Matrix Reasoning - 16
Figure Weights - 18
WMI - *
Digit Span - 16
Picture Span - 10
PSI - *
Coding - 6
Symbol Search - 13
GIA - 134

WIAT -III
ORAL LANGUAGE - *
Listening Comp. - 104
Oral Expression - 134
BASIC READING - 96
Early Reading - 113
Word Reading - 95
Pseudoword Decoding - 99
READING COMPREHENSION & FLUENCY - 120
Reading Comprehension - 118
Oral Reading Fluency - 134
WRITTEN EXPRESSION - 105
Alphabet Writing Fluency - 102
Spelling - 100
Sentence Composition - 118
Essay Composition - 95

MATHEMATICS - 102
Math Problem Solving - 97
Numerical Operations - 107
MATH FLUENCY - *
Addition - 79
Subtraction - 94
Multiplication - 95

He also took:
the Beery VMI - 118 (88th percentile)
Visual Perception 113 (81st percentile)
Motor Coordination 101 (53rd percentile)

WRAML 2
Finger window - 13
Number Letter - 14
Attention/Concentration Index Score 120 (91st percentile)

Conners-3
Very Elevated: Inattention, Executive Functioning
Elevated: Executive Functioning, Learning Problems

School District Tests given last year:
CogAT 7
Percentile Scores (district only gives the percentile scores):
Verbal - 79
Quantitative - 92
Non-Verbal - 89
-these scores qualified DS for GATE services

CAASPP (end of 3rd Grade)
ELA - 2510 (rank 4 - standard exceeded)
MATH - 2504 (rank 4 - standard exceeded)

What are the stars?
Posted By: rstlk Re: Test Scores/Possible LD - Please Help! - 12/06/17 08:30 PM
The stars indicate unpresented index score due to discrepant subtest scores.
Posted By: aeh Re: Test Scores/Possible LD - Please Help! - 12/06/17 09:49 PM
I assume the stars are composites that were not presented due to the large discrepancy between the contributing subtests.

I have definitely seen scores this high, but maybe I have been in the field longer than your SP! (Aka, I am old smile ).

The level on which additional services wouldn't be warranted would be that his phonetic decoding skills are age-appropriate, and not impinging on either reading fluency or comprehension. Whatever dyslexic tendencies may or may not be present, he appears to be compensating rather effectively for them. As very little additional growth in absolute decoding skills is expected after third grade, that means there isn't much (if any) remediation to be offered.

Writing is another matter. Although all skills are assessed as average, I am interested in the difference between sentence-level writing and extended writing. Was any indication given of whether the essay score represented quality, quantity, or both? Or perhaps organizational weaknesses? Given his low fine motor speed on Coding, his relatively lower motor coordination score on the VMI, his large difference between oral and written expression, and his report card comments, I would wonder about the impact of handwriting on written tasks--and, actually, on multistep mathematics, as well. (Those math fluency scores likely represent handwriting speed as the limiting factor; the same absolute number of items results in a much lower standard score on addition than on subtraction and multiplication, at this level.)

The inconsistencies in working memory performance on related tasks definitely suggest that ADHD/dysregulated attention cannot be ruled out as a primary or secondary factor in school performance.

I would agree with the SP that much additional evaluation may not be warranted, but more because a fair amount has already been done. The exception would be possibly some additional eval in OT, and perhaps some clinical observations in the classroom, regarding attention and what is heppening during writing activities.

In addition to pursuing the promised OT eval, which I think is the most likely avenue to increased services, it may make sense to follow up on the ADHD front, as, if that's a factor, it can make a dramatic difference for some students. I've seen a 60 point swing in writing scores in a student of comparable cognition before. (Yes, you read that correctly; 60 points!)

Fine motor deficits are also not uncommonly co-occurring with speech delays, as both have to do with motor coordination, motor planning, and the acquisition of automaticity for motor sequences.

Even if no new services are offered, you may also wish to have a discussion about additional accommodations for attention, self-monitoring, organization, and reduced workload (items only sufficient to demonstrate mastery), to see if any of them may be appropriate.
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