I am interested in the computer programming idea. I understand that is a very useful skill for people interested in the sciences (like my dd). AOPS has a class that teaches something called python. How would someone (like me) who knows absolutely nothing about the topic be able to decide what kind of programming language a child should take? Is there a place to get an overview that isn't technical?

I looked at the EPGY math curriculum for logic and set theory, and the only classes I could find had prerequisites of pre-calculus. I will keep my eyes open for other opportunities in these areas.

Considering what you've said, I think studying finance may be a few steps up the pyramid from where we are now. She has had some exposure to growth/decay which I will continue with informally. I agree that the money-discussion is critical and ongoing!